Free Access
Issue
Anim. Res.
Volume 51, Number 6, November-December 2002
Page(s) 445 - 454
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2002040

References

  1. Allen M.S., Effects of diet on short-term regulation of feed intake by lactating dairy cattle, J. Dairy Sci. 83 (2000) 1598-1624.
  2. AOAC, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis, Vol. 1, 14th Edition, AOAC, Washington DC, USA, 1990.
  3. Bal M.A., Coors J.G., Shaver R.D., Impact of the maturity of corn for use as silage in the diets of dairy cows: intake, digestion, and milk production, J. Dairy Sci. 80 (1997) 2497-2503.
  4. Bailey A.T., Erdmann R.A., Smith L.W., Sharma B.K., Particle size reduction during initial mastication of forages by dairy cattle, J. Anim. Sci. 68 (1990) 2084-2094.
  5. Beauchemin K.A., Ingestion and mastication of feed by dairy cattle, Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract. 7 (1991) 439-463.
  6. Bernard L., Chaise J.P., Baumont R., Poncet C., The effect of physical form of orchardgrass hay on the passage of particulate matter through the rumen of sheep, J. Anim. Sci. 78 (2000) 1338-1354.
  7. Conway E.J., Microdiffusion analysis and volumetric error, Crosby, Lockwood, London, 1957.
  8. De Boever J.L., De Brabander D.L., De Smet A.M., Vanacker J.M., Boucqué C.V., Evaluation of physical structure. 2. Maize silage, J. Dairy Sci. 76 (1993) 1624-1634.
  9. Deswysen A.G., Ellis W.C., Pond K.R., Interrelationships among voluntary intake, eating and ruminating behavior and ruminal motility of heifers fed corn silage, J. Anim. Sci. 64 (1987) 835-841.
  10. Dulphy J.P., Demarquilly C., Henry M., Perte de composés volatils lors de la détermination à l'étuve de la teneur en matière sèche des ensilages, Ann. Zootech. 24 (1975) 743-746.
  11. Ellis W.C., Beever D.E., Methods for binding rare earths to specific feed particles, in: Kennedy P.M. (Ed.), Techniques in particle size analysis of feed and digesta in ruminants, Can. Soc. Anim. Sci., Occas. Publ. No. 1, Edmonton, AB, 1984, pp. 154-165.
  12. Faisant M., Planchot V., Kozlowski F., Parcouret M.P., Colonna P., Champ M., Resistant starch determination adapted to products containing level of resistant starch, Sci. Aliment. 15 (1995) 83-89.
  13. Grenet E., Wet sieving technique for estimating particle size in herbivore digesta, in: Kennedy P.M. (Ed.), Techniques in particle size analysis of feed and digesta in ruminants, Can. Soc. Anim. Sci., Occas. Publ. No. 1, Edmonton, AB, 1984, p. 167.
  14. Grenet E., A comparison of the digestion and reduction in particle size of lucerne hay (Medicago sativa) and Italian ryegrass hay (Lolium italicum) in the ovine digestive tract, Brit. J. Nutr. 62 (1989) 493-507.
  15. Hart S.P., Polan C.E., Simultaneous extraction and determination of ytterbium and cobalt ethylenediaminetetracetate complex in feces, J. Dairy Sci. 67 (1984) 888-896.
  16. INRA, Ruminants Nutrition: Recommended allowances and feed tables, John Libbey Eurotext, Paris, France, 1989.
  17. Jouany J.P., Volatile fatty acids and alcohols determination in digestive contents, silage juices, bacterial cultures and anaerobic fermentor contents, Sci. Aliment. 2 (1982) 131-144.
  18. Kuehn C.S., Linn L.G., Jung H.C., Effect of corn silage chop length on intake, milk production, and milk composition of lactating dairy cows, J. Dairy Sci. 80 (Suppl. 1) (1997) 219.
  19. Lee J.A., Pearce G.R., The effectiveness of chewing during eating on particle size reduction of roughages by cattle, Aust. J. Agric. Res. 35 (1984) 609-618.
  20. Luginbuhl J.-M., Pond K.R., Burns J.C., Russ J.C., Effects of ingestive mastication on particle dimensions and weight distribution of coastal bermudagrass hay fed to steers at four levels, J. Anim. Sci. 67 (1989) 538-546.
  21. Melcion J.P., La granulométrie de l'aliment : principe, mesure et obtention, INRA Prod. Anim. 13 (2000) 81-97.
  22. Noll F., L(+) lactate determination with LDH, GPT and NAD, in: Bergmeyer H.U. (Ed.), Methods of enzymatic analysis, Academic Press, London and New York, 1974, p. 1475.
  23. Poppi D.P., Hendricksen R.E., Minson D.J., The relative resistance to escape of leaf and stem particles from the rumen of cattle and sheep, J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.) 105 (1985) 9-14.
  24. SAS Institute, SAS / STAT, User's Guide, Release 6.03, SAS Institute, Inc Cary, NC, USA, 1988.
  25. Schwab E.C., Shaver R.D., Shinners K.J., Lauer J.G., Coors J.G., Processing and chop length effects in brown midrib corn silage on intake, digestion, and milk production by dairy cows, J. Dairy Sci. 85 (2002) 613-623.
  26. Shaver R.D., Nytes A.J., Satter L.D., Jorgensen N.A., Influence of feed intake, forage physical form, and forage fiber content on particle size of masticated forage, ruminal digesta, and feces of dairy cows, J. Dairy Sci. 71 (1988) 1566-1572.
  27. Udén P., Digestibility and digesta retention in dairy cows receiving hay or silage at varying concentrate levels, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 11 (1984) 279-291.
  28. Ulyatt M.J., Dellow W., John A., Reid C.S.W., Waghorn G.C., The contribution of chewing during eating and rumination, to the clearance of digesta from the rumino-reticulum, in: Milligan L.P., Grovum W.L., Dobson A. (Eds.), Control of digestion and metabolism in ruminants, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice Hall, 1986, pp. 498-515.
  29. Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., Systems of analysis for evaluating fibrous feeds, in: Pidgen W.J., Balch C.C., Graham M. (Eds.), Standardization of analytical methodology for feeds, Int. Devel. Res. Center, Ottawa, Canada, 1980, pp. 49-60.
  30. Waldo D.R., Smith L.W., Cox E.L., Lucas H.L., Logarithmic normal distribution for description of sieved forage materials, J. Dairy Sci. 54 (1971) 1465-1469.

Abstract

Copyright INRA, EDP Sciences