Free Access
Issue
Anim. Res.
Volume 50, Number 6, November December 2001
Page(s) 451 - 462
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2001107

References

1
Atti N., Kayouli C., Mahouachi A., Guesmi A., Doreau M., Effect of a drastic and extended underfeeding on digestion in Barbary ewe, Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. (2002) in press.
2
Aufrère J., Étude de la prévision de la digestibilité des fourrages par une méthode enzymatique, Ann. Zootech. 31 (1982) 111-130.
3
Baker S.K., Dijkstra J., Dynamic aspects of the microbial ecosystem of the reticulo-rumen, in: Jung H.J.G., Fahey G.C. Jr. (Eds.), Nutritional ecology of Herbivores, American Society of Animal Science, Savoy, Illinois, USA, 1999, pp. 261-311.
4
Chilliard Y., Doreau M., Bocquier F., Lobley G.E., Digestive and metabolic adaptations of ruminants to variations in food supply, in: Journet M., Grenet E., Farce M.H., Thériez M., Demarquilly C. (Eds.), Recent developments in the Nutrition of Herbivores, INRA Editions, Paris, France, 1995, pp. 329-360.
5
Conway E.S., Ammonia general method, in: Microdiffusion analysis and volumetric error, 5th ed., London, UK, Crosby Lockwood and Son, 1962, p. 98.
6
Crawford R.J. Jr., Hoover W.H., Knowlton P.H., Effects of solids and liquid flows on fermentation in continuous cultures. I. Dry matter and fiber digestion, VFA production and protozoa numbers, J. Anim. Sci. 51 (1980) 975-985.
7
Dearth R.N., Dehority B.A., Potter E.L., Rumen microbial numbers in lambs as affected by level of feed intake and dietary diethylstilbestrol, J. Anim. Sci. 38 (1974) 991-996.
8
Doreau M., Grimaud P., Michalet-Doreau B., La sous-alimentation chez les ruminants : ses effets sur la digestion, INRA Prod. Anim. 13 (2000) 247-255.
9
Galyean M.L., Owens F.N., Effects of diet composition and level of feed intake on site and extent of digestion in ruminants, in: Tsuda T., Sasaki T., Kawashima R. (Eds.), Physiological aspects of digestion and metabolism in ruminants San Diego, California, USA, Academic Press, 1991, pp. 483-514.
10
Gingins M., Bickel H., Schürch A., Efficiency of energy utililization in undernourished and realimented sheep, Livest. Prod. Sci. 7 (1980) 465-471.
11
Grimaud P., Doreau M., Effect of extended underfeeding on digestion and nitrogen balance in nonlactating cows, J. Anim. Sci. 73 (1995) 211-219.
12
Grimaud P., Richard D., Kanwé A., Durier C., Doreau M., Effect of undernutrition and refeeding on digestion in Bos taurus and Bos indicus in a tropical environment, Anim. Sci. 67 (1998) 49-58.
13
Grimaud P., Richard D., Vergeron M.P., Guilleret J.R., Doreau M., Effect of drastic undernutrition on digestion in zebu cattle receiving a diet based on rice straw, J. Dairy Sci. 82 (1999) 974-981.
14
Grovum W.L., Williams V.J., Rate of passage of digesta in sheep. 6-The effect of level of food intake on mathematical predictions of the kinetics of digesta in the reticulorumen and intestines, Brit. J. Nutr. 38 (1977) 425-436.
15
Hart F.J., Leibholz J., The effect of species of grass, stage of maturity and level of intake on the degradation of protein and organic matter in the rumen of steers, Aust. J. Agric. Res. 41 (1990) 791-799.
16
INRA, Ruminant nutrition: recommended allowances and feed tables, John Libbey Eurotext, Paris, France, 1989.
17
Jouany J.P., Volatile fatty acids and alcohol determination in digestive contents, silage juices, bacterial cultures and anaerobic fermentor contents, Sci. Alim. 2 (1982) 131-144.
18
Jouany J.P., Senaud J., Influence des ciliés du rumen sur la digestion des différents glucides chez le mouton. I. Utilisation des glucides pariétaux (cellulose, hémicellulose) et de l'amidon, Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 22 (1982) 735-752.
19
Kabré P., Martin C., Michalet-Doreau B., Enzyme activities of rumen solid-adherent microorganisms in chronically underfed ewes, J. Sci. Food Agric. 65 (1994) 423-428.
20
Kabré P., Doreau M., Michalet-Doreau B., Effects of underfeeding and of fish meal supplementation on forage digestion in sheep, J. Agric. Sci. Camb. 124 (1995) 119-127.
21
Knowlton K.F., Allen M.S., Erickson P.S., Lasalocid and particle size of corn grain for dairy cows in early lactation. 2. Effect on ruminal measurements and feeding behavior, J. Dairy Sci. 79 (1996) 565-574.
22
Lassalas B., Jouany J.P., Broudiscou L., Dosage des bases puriques et pyrimidiques par chromatographie liquide à haute performance, Ann. Zootech. 42 (1993) 170-171.
23
Leaver J.D., Campling R.C., Holmes W., The effect of level of feeding on the digestibility of diets for sheep and cattle, Anim. Prod. 11 (1969) 11-18.
24
Legay-Carmier F., Bauchart D., Distribution of bacteria in the rumen contents of dairy cows given a diet supplemented with soya-bean oil, Brit. J. Nutr. 61 (1989) 725-740.
25
Lever M., Carbohydrate determination with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide (PAHbAH): effect of bismuth on the reaction, Anal. Biochem. 81 (1977) 21-27.
26
Martin C., Michalet-Doreau B., Variations in mass and enzyme activity of rumen microorganisms: effect of barley and buffer supplements, J. Sci. Food Agric. 67 (1995) 407-413.
27
Martin C., Michalet-Doreau B., Fonty G., Williams A., Postprandial variations in the activity of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes of fluid- and particle-associated ruminal microbial populations, Current Microbiol. 27 (1993) 223-228.
28
Mc Allister T.A., Bae H.D., Jones G.A., Cheng K.J., Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen, J. Anim. Sci. 73 (1994) 3004-3018.
29
McGraham N., Energetic efficiency of fattening sheep. I. Utilization of low-fibre and high-fibre food mixtures, Aust. J. Agric. Res. 15 (1964) 100-112.
30
Okine E.K., Mathison G.W., Effects of feed intake on particle distribution, passage of digesta and extent of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle, J. Anim. Sci. 69 (1991) 3435-3445.
31
Robinson P.H., Tamminga S., Van Vuuren A.M., Influence of declining level of feed intake and varying the proportion of starch in the concentrate on rumen ingesta quantity, composition and kinetics of ingesta turnover in dairy cows, Livest. Prod. Sci. 17 (1987) 37-62.
32
Russell J.B., Baldwin R.L., Comparison of maintenance energy requirements expenditures and growth yields among several rumen bacteria grown on continuous culture, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 37 (1979) 537-543.
33
SAS, SAS/STAT® User's guide: Statistics (Release 6.03), Cary, North Carolina, USA: SAS Inst. Inc., 1988.
34
Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., System of analysis for evaluating fibrous feeds, in: Pigden W.J., Balch C.C., Graham M. (Eds.), Standardization of analytical methodology for feeds, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: International Development Research Center, 1980, pp. 49-60.
35
Wells J.E., Russell J.B., Why do many ruminal bacteria die and lyse so quickly?, J. Dairy Sci. 79 (1996) 1487-1495.
36
Williams A.G., Rumen holotrich ciliate protozoa, Microbiol. Rev. 50 (1986) 25-33.

Abstract

Copyright INRA, EDP Sciences